Abstract :
This paper established toxic and teratogenic effects of P. nururi leaves extract to the embryonic development of D. rerio. After 12 hours of exposure to various treatment concentrations, 100% coagulated embryos were observed in 1% and higher concentrations. Meanwhile, mortality in lower concentrations was found to be as time and dose-dependent. Coagulation was the most remarkable toxic effect of the plant leaves extract. On the other hand, heartbeat and hatchability rate of zebrafish embryo was affected in a dose-dependent manner. In teratogenicity testing, tail malformation was the most evident teratogenic effect of the plant leaves extract. Taken together, P. niruri leaves extract was embryo-toxic and teratogenic to D. rerio.
Keyword :
Danio rerio; embryo-toxicity; Phyllanthus niruri; Sampa-sampalukan; teratogenicity; zebrafish